Bloodborne Diseases: Everything You Need To Know

Concerning Bloodborne Illnesses

The world is focusing on social isolation and lockdowns, as well as urging vaccinations, to curb the spread of COVID-19.

Other concerns should be mentioned as well, notably with the rise in anti-COVID19 vaccines and bloodborne illnesses.

The basics of bloodborne pathogens are covered in this article.

What are Bloodborne Diseases and How Do You Prevent Them?

Pathogenic bacteria that might be infective produce bloodborne illnesses. 

Viruses and bacteria present in blood and other body fluids are examples. 

These liquids have the potential to be infectious:

Secretions from the vaginal canal

• Pleural Fluid Semen Saliva (covers your lungs)
• The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid.
• Amniotic Fluid is the fluid that surrounds the baby during pregnancy (that surrounds unborn babies)
• The lubrication of your joints is provided by synovial fluid.
• Peritoneal Fluid is a type of fluid found in the abdomen (lubricates the abdominal cavity and abdominal wall and covers most abdominal organs).
• Anyone whose fluid appears to have been tainted by infectious blood

The most common bloodborne pathogens are the hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 

The most common, as well as the most hazardous and devastating, are these three. 

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The Risks and Spread of Infection

When uninfected people come into touch with infectious blood, they can get infected with bloodborne infections.

A mere contact does not always imply that you will become infected right away. Healthy skin has the lowest risk of infection.

It’s preferable to stay away from it as much as possible.

Direct contact with infectious blood poses the greatest risk of infection.

Sharing hypodermic needles or sexual contact are the two main modes of transmission.

Infected mothers can transfer bloodborne viruses on to their unborn children. 

The risk increases when the placental barrier no longer shields the foetus.

These are some of them:

• Punctures from shattered glass and sharp medical instruments
• Needles for sticks
• Accidental contact with body fluids or blood due to ruptured skin or mucus membranes
• A patient who coughs up bloody faeces, for example, may have inhaled contaminated aerosols.

Microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that travel through the bloodstream and can cause disease in people are known as blood-borne pathogens. 

Malaria, syphilis, and brucellosis are among the many blood-borne infections, as are hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV). 

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Who is in jeopardy?

Healthcare workers and public safety personnel are at the greatest risk of contracting bloodborne diseases.

Even non-healthcare personnel can be exposed if they come into touch with blood or bodily fluids while providing first aid to injured coworkers.

Here is a list of occupations that are at danger of being exposed to bloodborne infections by accident:

Providers of direct patient care, such as doctors and nurses

Medical laboratory researchers and staff

Dental assistants, dentists, and hygienists are all members of the dental team.

• Dermatologists and cosmetologists are two types of dermatologists.
• EMTs and other first responders, such as paramedics and firemen
• Providers of rehabilitation and nursing home care
• Observance of the law
• Technicians that work with medical equipment
• Blood drive volunteers and blood and tissue bank employees
• Staff members of the mortuary and morticians
• Teachers, nurses, and other school personnel
• Workers in the construction industry
• piercers and tattoo artists
• Workers in housekeeping, janitorial, and laundry

What is the maximum amount of time infections can survive outside the body?

It is determined by the virus. Viruses that spread through the bloodstream can live for days or even weeks and still infect people.

Hepatitis C and B viruses can live in dried blood for up to a week and can be transmitted for up to 4 days.

Stopping Bloodborne Pathogens From Spreading

Bloodborne pathogens can provide a significant health risk. It would be beneficial if you took preventative measures to keep them from spreading.

Blood and bodily fluids should be treated as if they contain infectious bloodborne pathogens.

Employers should establish workplace safety measures.

Personal protection equipment (PPE) such as masks, gloves, eye shields, and gowns should be used by those who are at high risk.

The same intravenous injection needle should not be used for personal precautions.

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Ensure that the professional is wearing gloves to avoid cross-contamination.

Never put yourself in a position of sexual danger. Choose your mates carefully and take precautions.

Managing Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure

Even the most cautious person can become infected with bloodborne viruses.

If you come into contact with any of these infections, what should you do?

It’s critical to take action as soon as possible. Soap and water should be applied to the affected area right away. 

By gently squeezing the area with soap and water, you can make an open wound bleed.

You can cleanse your eyes with saline and sterile water if the fluid becomes contaminated.

You should seek medical help right away after cleaning. It makes no difference if it happened at work.

 Follow the company’s policy and keep a record of the occurrence.

Employers must provide free follow-up sessions and have OSHA conduct post-exposure examinations, according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

Conclusion

Bloodborne infections can cause a variety of serious illnesses, the majority of which are fatal if not treated quickly or for which there is no known cure.

So, we hope that this article has given you enough information and insight into bloodborne pathogens and disorders. 

You’ll be able to adequately protect yourself and others against serious infection this way.